Introduction job enrichment analyzed the various assumptions inherent in the job enrichment approach, along with the ramifications and utility of employing it in work organizations. In this guide, we will explain what job enrichment is, dive into the advantages of job enrichment, give examples of how to enrich jobs, and compare job enrichment to job enlargement. This is the key to keeping your employees satisfied, motivated and focused on success both for. The effects of job enrichment on employee satisfaction. However, by widening the range of tasks that need to be performed, hopefully the employee will experience less repetition and monotony that are all too common on. Job enrichment and job enlargement made the employees feel that the organization actually owns them. We will use these terms interchangeably in this article. Herzberg stated seven principles that can be used to enrich a position. Job enlargement refers to adding a few more task elements horizontally. The need to belong acceptance by the group, friendships, love etc. In this study, it is argued that job design, job enlargement, job rotation, etc and job changes, can have positive effect on motivation because they can help individuals beliefs about the probability that certain rewards will emanate from putting forth high levels of effort. Job enlargement l definition what is human resource.
Job enrichment is a method of motivating employees where a job is designed to have interesting and challenging tasks which can require more skill and can increase pay. Motivation is a process that starts with a physiological or psychological need that. Job rotation can improve multiskilling but also involves the need for greater training. By job enrichment, an employee finds satisfaction in respect to their position and personal. In addition to the above, many more theories are available in management literature, which deals with motivation theory. Employee motivation herzbergs theory tutorialspoint. This concept is in contrast to the job enlargement which considers the horizontal restructuring, where more and more tasks get added, and the challenge remains the same. However, his ideas on motivation in the hygienemotivation theory are particularly useful to our understanding of what motivates people.
The rationale behind job enrichment is to motivate employees. That theory distinguished between intrinsic or motivator job factors, such as achievement and responsibility. Read some writings on the internet regarding herzbergs work. On the other side some researchers are also on the view point that job enlargement creates a very lower level of the social interaction of the employees on the work place. Theory z suggests that large complex organisations are human systems and their effectiveness depends on the quality of humanism used. He examined the motivational theories and suggested ways to improve motivation level of such employees.
He wanted jobs to be made more interesting, meaningful and challenging. Job enrichment gives planning, controlling and decisionmaking powers to the job holder. The intrinsic job content factors are the job satisfiers or motivators and the extrinsic job context factors are the dissatisfiers or hygiene factors. Job enrichment gives more control and managerial access to perform tasks and responsibilities. When jobs are enlarged, employees view themselves as being capable of performing a broader set of tasks. In job enlargement, the job itself remains essentially unchanged. However, his ideas on motivation in the hygienemotivation theory are particularly useful to our understanding of what motivates.
The need for esteem recognition by others, feeling of achievement etc. Both job enlargement and job enrichment are regarded as motivational tools for the employees, used by the management. Job design is the systematic and purposeful allocation of tasks to individuals and groups within an organization. Difference between job enlargement and job enrichment with. Another motivational technique closely related to job enrichment is the job enlargement. Employees in every organization want to draw fulfilments from their jobs and every human resource manager wants the employees to be fulfilled being the most important resources of the organization. Job design or job enlargement theories are considered to be derived from job characteristic theories that were premeditated by turner and lawrence 1965 and j. In other words, it means increasing the scope of ones duties and responsibilities.
Hackamn and oldham the nonexistence of some core job characteristics will lessen the level of job satisfaction and level of. Job and work design for development, health, ambidexterity, and more sharon k. This study was guided by motivational theories specifically herzberg two factor theory and. Motivation theory by john ball 03 oct 2003 understanding what motivates people in all walks of life is basic to all who aspire to management.
Measures of work reorganization include job enlargement, job enrichment, skill training, enhanced participation, and teamwork karasek and theorell 1990. Job enlargement, motivation, job satisfaction, organizational commitment. The longterm development policy aspires for the nation to have good. Difference between job enlargement and job enrichment. The results of the study and future implications are discussed along with suggestions. Herzberg advised job enlargement and job enrichment. How job rotation motivate employees job rotation is a job design technique used by the organizations in which employees assigned jobs are rotated throughout their employment in an organization. Job enrichment top 15 advantages and disadvantages. A study on job enrichment and individual performance among. Skill variety, task identity, task significance, autonomy, and feedback. Role of job enrichment and job enlargement in work life. Job enlargement is a job design technique wherein there is an increase in the number of tasks associated with a certain job.
This lesson describes the various ways to redesign a job to encourage employees, including job enrichment, job enlargement and job. It mainly consists of giving more responsibility than what originally applied to the job, creating opportunities for professional growth and recognition. Job enlargement means taking charge of more duties and responsibilities which are not mentioned in the job description. Job enlargement adds more tasks to the existing tasks of the employee, thus. He argued that because government organizations are. The diagonal model of job satisfaction and motivation. Herzbergs focus on the significance of job content is a substantial contribution to employees motivation. The job enlargement also effects the motivational level, satisfaction level and the organizational commitment level. Job enlargement may also result in greater workforce flexibility. Influence of job enlargement on employee performance in the railway industry in kenya. Therefore, job enlargement should be conceived as a form. The key inputs for a strong job design are a task, motivation, resource allocation and a compensation system.
Job enlargement requires the management of the organization to provide their support in providing appropriate training to the employees to make them able to adapt to the enlarged job scope. The difference between job enrichment and job enlargement is quality and quantity. This article suggested that the utility of job enrichment programs. Job enlargement, a job design technique in which the number of tasks associated with a job is increased and appropriate training provided to add greater variety to activities, thus reducing monotony. The increase in scope is quantitative in nature and not qualitative and at. Kingtaylor 1977 in her article on job enrichment and motivation suggested that jobs must be revised to meet the. He is noted for among other things his ideas on job enrichment, enlargement and rotation. It is also defined as scheduled exchange of persons in different jobs within the same organizations. Early alternatives to job specialization include job rotation, job enlargement, and job enrichment. Job design is how organizations define and structure jobs. Understanding what motivates people in all walks of life is basic to all who aspire to management. In a sense, job rotation is similar to job enlargement. Introduction in todays world organizations are competing globally.
The job enrichment also increases the motivation level and the performance of the. Job evaluation and job enrichment are two concepts. The job enlargement also effects the motivational level, satisfaction level and the organizational commitment level morrison, 1994. If job enrichment was to be useful, it would have to contribute to the attainment of that goal.
Job enlargement involves the addition of extra, similar, tasks to a job. Job enlargement meaning and its benefits to the organization. The concept stemmed from herzbergs motivatorhygiene theory, which is based on the premise that job attitude is a construct of two independent factors, namely job satisfaction and job dissatisfaction. These techniques tend to motivate an employee by satisfying their higher. Many successful organizations are practicing job rotation in order to. Job enlargement and job enrichment scholarworks at wmu. Job enlargement refers to expanding the tasks performed by employees to add more variety.
One of the best known of all the writers on motivation is herzberg. Impact of job enlargement on employees job satisfaction. Techniques and theories of employee motivation employee motivation employee motivation defined as the psychological forces which are responsible for the behavior of an employee in an organization. Parker the university of western australia, crawley, perth, western australia 6009, australia. The job enrichment is the vertical restructuring of moral excellence in which more authority, autonomy, control is given to the employees to perform a given set of a job. To motivate employees, find a balance between job enrichment.
Job enrichment is largely dependent on job enlargement, whereas job enlargement has no. Job enrichment means improvement, or an increase with the help of upgrading and development, whereas job enlargement means to add more duties, and an increased workload. Practical implications of the effortreward imbalance model concern the development of compensatory wage systems, the provision of models of gain sharing, and the strengthening of. Like job rotation, job enlargement can reduce boredom and monotony as well as use human resources more effectively. Job rotation involves the movement of employees through a range of jobs in order to increase interest and motivation. What is job enlargementit means expanding the job content adding task elements horizontally, job enrichment means that additional motivators are added to the job so that it is more rewarding, the purpose of job enlargement and job enrichment is to relieve the boredom of the worker which flows from excessive specialization in massproduction. A study on job enrichment and individual performance. Job design job design is an important method managers can use to enhance employee performance. Providing job enrichment comes with a burden of additional duties and responsibilities. Job enrichment is a fundamental part of attracting, motivating, and retaining talented people, particularly where work is repetitive or boring. The term job enrichment, originally coined by herzberg 1966 to denote the approach derived from his twofactor theory, is now used more generally. Job enrichment definition, benefits, and tips cleverism. He did this by interviewing over 200 professionals. Keywords job enrichment, job enlargement, work life balance, sustainability, sustainable development, stress management introduction today organizations in the world are competing globally.
The paper is an attempt to focus the significance of work life balance in attaining business sustainability, role of job enrichment and job enlargement in work life balance and. Job enrichment and job enlargement have their roots in the theories of motivation. The need for safety and security freedom from danger, job security, healthcare etc, 3. Job enrichment, job enlargement, employee satisfaction, employee. Job enlargement involves performing a variety of jobs or operations at the same time. These job enlargement advantages can provide overall job satisfaction and growth in the field of work. Role of job enrichment and job enlargement in work life balance. Nov, 2016 techniques and theories of employee motivation employee motivation employee motivation defined as the psychological forces which are responsible for the behavior of an employee in an organization. Strike a balance between increasing job responsibilities and job enrichment opportunities. Jun 26, 20 motivation theory by john ball 03 oct 2003 understanding what motivates people in all walks of life is basic to all who aspire to management. However, employees find job enrichment is a far better tool than job enlargement. Job enrichment is a vertical enlargement of job duties, providing the employee with tasks and responsibilities normally done by a senior employee or supervisor, and usually comes with more freedom and control over the planning, execution, and evaluation of job tasks.
However, by widening the range of tasks that need to be performed, hopefully the employee will experience less repetition and monotony that are all too common on production lines which rely upon the division of labour. However, by widening the range of tasks that need to be performed, hopefully the employee will experience less repetition and monotony that are all too common on production lines which rely upon the division. Taylorism, or scientific management, is the original jobdesign theory. We have appreciated earlier the importance of motivation in determining human behaviour. Various factors which may be internal or external stimulates the desires and enthusiasm in people and makes them committed and interested in attaining a particular goal. Job enrichment is dependent on job enlargement, whereas job enlargement is not dependent on enrichment. Job enlargement lead to decrease in social interaction and increase in work load therefore decrease motivation, job satisfaction and commitment of the employees donaldson, 1975. And even cover up all the importance of job enlargement and necessary objectives of job enrichment in the growth of the company. Although job enlargement and enrichment have a relationship with each other, they also possess some distinct features that differentiate them, such as area of expansion, mutual reliance, allocation of duties and responsibilities, motivation and profundity. The study also feels that there are good reasons to believe that. Influence of job enlargement on employee performance in the railway industry in kenya mary mwihaki gichuki. Research shows that there are five job components that increase the motivating potential of a job.
Job enrichment is a method for redesigning jobs, a motivation technique that aims at making work more interesting and challenging for the employees. The increase in scope is quantitative in nature and not qualitative and at the same level. Taken together, they became known as herzbergs dual factor theory. However, herzbergs two factor theory has been criticized for its original research evidence was confined only to 200 workers and he did not establish any cause and effect relationship between satisfaction and performance. His theory is very appealing to practicing managers. William ouchi developed theory z after making a comparative study of japanese and american management practices. The need for seifactualization fulfillment of capacities the needs are arranged in order of importance under the assumption. Taylorism, or scientific management, is the original job design theory. If job rotation is a motivation tool, we woul d expect it to be used b y firms where employees have poorer prospects of promotion. Job enlargement is basically referred to a situation when workers are rotated on different positions and assigned some extra duties to be performed during his normal routine dessler, 2005, p. Job enrichment is a fundamental part of attracting, motivating, and retaining talented people, particularly. Jul 26, 2018 both job enlargement and job enrichment are regarded as motivational tools for the employees, used by the management. Managers must be aware of ways to increase employee motivation. Job enrichment, individual performance, task significance, task identity, skill variety.
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